Programs are initiatives that are administered within ASOF, and partly funded by ASOF's operational budget. They are meant to be smaller scale but strategic, sometimes acting as pilots for larger scale projects in the future.

Projects are large scale initiatives meant to be transformative, with significant impact on the development of research and education in Armenia. They are typically meant to be funded by the government, benefactors, and foundations and spun off into independent entities. ASOF acts as a focal organizational point, provides the needed expertise and human resources, helps mediate and create the needed coalitions, and can also help in fundraising.

Meetings are the mechanisms through which members, task forces, committees, and the Board devise programs and projects, and implement them. The ASOF Bylaws require at least one annual meeting of all members. In addition, smaller gatherings take place remotely and locally in-person throughout the year.